• Mandibular tusks have spines on the top surface and are not curved upwards

     Larvae and adult range in lengths from 9-30 mm and are found burrowing in rivers, under rocks or in clay banks. Polymitarcyidae are categorized as collectors/gatherers and filter feeders.

Merritt, R W., K W. Cummins, and M B. Berg. An Introduction to the Aquatic Insects of North America. Dubuque, Iowa: Kendall/Hunt Company, 2008