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Crustose reds are firmly attached to rocks as epiliths, or other 'algae' as epiphytes.  They vary from gelatinous soft to hard calcified coral-building thalli.  Some have repeated branching.

Ancient underwater crusts provide evidence of global warming - video

References:

Broadwater, S.T., and J.L. Scott 1994. Ultrastructurer of unicellular red algae. In: Evolutionary Pathways and Enigmatic Algae: Cyanidium caldarum (Rhodophyta) and Related Cells. J. Sechbach (Ed.) Kluwer Academic Publishers, Boston, MA.(pp. 215-230).

Dawes, C.J., and A.C. Mathieson 2008. The Seaweeds of Florida. University Press of Florida. (592 pp.)

Sheath, R.G. 2003. Red Algae. In: Freshwater Algae of North America (Chapter 5). Wehr, J.D. and R.G. Sheath (editors). Academic Press.

Taylor, W.R. 1966. Marine Algae of the Northeastern Coast of North America. Univ. of Michigan Press, 3rd printing. (509 pp).