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Image Sources
 

Most images in the key were created by the UNH for Freshwater Biology authors. Dr. Richard S. Stemberger contributed numerous images of rotifers, as well as some cladocerans and copepods. Dr. Stemberger provided all ecological and additional information on rotifers unless otherwise noted. Dr. James Morin contributed cladoceran images from the Isles of Shoals, ME. Selected calanoid and cyclopoid copepod images were provided by the “Calanoid copepods of the Laurentian Great Lakes” by Lesko et al. (2003) and “Cyclopoid copepods of the Laurentian Great Lakes" by Hudson et al. (2003).

 
Taxonomic References

Taxonomic organization

Retrieved from March 1 through September 30, 2004, from the Integrated Taxonomic Information System on-line database, http://www.itis.gov

Calanoid taxonomy

Balcer, M.D., N.L. Korda, and S.I. Dodson. 1984. Zooplankton of the Great Lakes: A Guide to the Identification and Ecology of the Common Crustacean Species. University of Wisconsin Press. 174p.

Lesko, L.T., P.L. Hudson, and M.A. Chriscinske. 2003. Calanoid copepods of the Laurentian Great Lakes. Ann Arbor, MI: Great Lakes Science Center Home Page.
http://www.glsc.usgs.gov/greatlakescopepods/Key.asp?GROUP=Calanoid

Pennak, R.W. 1989. Fresh-Water Invertebrates of the United States. 3rd Ed. John Wiley & Sons, Inc. New York.

Sandercook, G.A. and G.G.E. Scudder. 1996. Key to the Species of Freshwater Calanoid Copepods of British Columbia. British Columbia: Resources Inventory Committee Publications.
http://www.ilmb.gov.bc.ca/risc/pubs/aquatic/calanoid/key.htm

Reid, J.W., and C.E. Williamson. 2010. Copepoda. In: Thorp, J.H. & A.P. Covich (Eds.). Ecology and Classification of North American Freshwater Invertebrates. 3rd Edition. Chapter 21. Academic Press, New York: 829-899.

Cladoceran taxonomy

Balcer, M.D., N.L. Korda, and S.I. Dodson. 1984. Zooplankton of the Great Lakes: A Guide to the Identification and Ecology of the Common Crustacean Species. University of Wisconsin Press. 174p.

Brandlova, J., Z. Brandl and C.H. Fernando. 1972.The Cladocera of Ontario with remarks on some species and distribution. Canadian Journal of Zoology 50: 1373- 1403.

Brooks, J.L. 1957. The systematics of North American Daphnia. The Academy. New Haven, CT.

Edmondson, W. T. ed. 1959. Fresh-water Biology. John Wiley & Sons, Inc. New York.

Green, G. D. A Key To Cladocerans (Crustacea) Of British Columbia: Families Daphniidae, Sididae, Bosminidae, Holopediidae, Leptodoridae and Polyphemidae. May 1997.
http://www.ilmb.gov.bc.ca/risc/pubs/aquatic/crustacea/clad-key.htm.

Hebert, P.D. 1995. The Daphnia of North America: an Illustrated Fauna. CD-ROM version 1.

Pennak, R.W. 1989. Fresh-Water Invertebrates of the United States. 3rd Ed. John Wiley & Sons, Inc. New York.

SMIRNOV, N.N. 1992. The Macrothricidae of the world. Guides to the identification of the microinvertebrates of the continental waters of the world. SPB Academic Publishing, The Hague: 143pp.

SMIRNOV, N.N. 1996. Cladocera: the Chydorinae and Sayciinae (Chydoridae) of the world. Guides to the identification of the microinvertebrates of the continental waters of the world. SPB Academic Publishing, Amsterdam: 197pp.

Cyclopoid taxonomy

Balcer, M.D., N.L. Korda, and S.I. Dodson. 1984. Zooplankton of the Great Lakes: A Guide to the Identification and Ecology of the Common Crustacean Species. University of Wisconsin Press. 174p.

Dussart, B.H. and C.H. Fernando. 1990. A review of the taxonomy of five Ontario genera of freshwater cyclopoid Copepoda (Crustacea). Canadian Journal of Zoology. 68: 2594-2604.

Hudson, P. L., J. W. Reid, L. T. Lesko, and J. H. Selgeby. 1998. Cyclopoid and Harpacticoid Copepods of the Laurentian Great Lakes. Bulletin of the Ohio Biological Survey New Series. 50p.

Hudson, P. L., L.T. Lesko, J. W. Reid, and M. A. Chriscinske. 2003. Cyclopoid copepods of the Laurentian Great Lakes. Ann Arbor, MI: Great Lakes Science Center Home Page. http://www.glsc.usgs.gov/greatlakescopepods/Key.asp?GROUP=Cyclopoid

Smith, K. E., and C. H. Fernando. 1978. A Guide to the Freshwater Calanoid and Cyclopoid Copepod Crustacea of Ontario. University of Waterloo Biological Series No. 18.

Dipteran taxonomy

Johannsen, O.A. 1934. Aquatic Diptera Part I. Nemocera, Exclusive of Chironomidae and Ceratopoginidae. Cornell University Agricultural Experimentation Station. Memoir 164.

Sæther, O.A. 1974. Nearctic and Palaearctic Chaoborus (Diptera: Chaoboridae). Fisheries Research Board of Canada. Bulletin 174.

Rotifer taxonomy
Stemberger, R.S. 1979. A Guide to Rotifers of the Laurentian Great Lakes. US EPA Report EPA-600/4-79-021